Conectividade Funcional Cerebral utilizando Técnicas de Imagens por Ressonância Magnética
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29384/rbfm.2019.v13.n1.p66-75Palavras-chave:
integração cerebral, imagem funcional por ressonância magnética, marcação dos spins arteriaisResumo
Nosso cérebro é reconhecido como uma rede complexa com propriedades topológicas de mundo pequeno: alta eficiência global, estrutura modular comunitária e elevado índice de agrupamento. Essa organização é preservada em diferentes escalas e para diferentes tipos de medidas de conectividade, especialmente ao se analisar a conectividade funcional em escala macroscópica. Neste artigo de revisão procuramos abordar aspectos metodológicos gerais para a estimativa da conectividade funcional (CF) cerebral humana a partir de imagens por ressonância magnética funcionais (IRMf). A CF é introduzida a partir de estudos prévios de neuroimagem funcional. Detalhes práticos e limitações da aquisição dos dados são discutidos considerando duas técnicas de aquisição: baseada no contraste dependente do nível de oxigenação do sangue e a marcação dosspins arteriais. Os principais passos para estimativa da CF a partir destas imagens são apresentados em duas etapas: pré-processamento e análise. Finalmente, diferentes aplicações dessas estimativas de CF cerebral na área da saúde são também apresentadas.
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