Processamento e Análise de Imagens Médicas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29384/rbfm.2019.v13.n1.p34-48Palavras-chave:
imagens médicas, processamento de imagens, segmentação, auxílio computadorizado ao diagnóstico.Resumo
Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma abordagem conceitual sobre os principais aspectos envolvidos no processamento e na análise digital de imagens médicas, trazendo exemplos da aplicação na prática clínica e da pesquisa em imagens médicas. Para explorar a temática, o artigo está dividido em seções. A primeira seção apresenta os aspectos relacionados às diferenças entre a imagem adquirida no equipamento e a visualizada nos monitores, levantando alguns elementos relacionados à qualidade da aquisição. A seguir são descritas algumas técnicas de pré-processamento que permitem melhorar e destacar aspectos relevantes das imagens. A próxima seção apresenta os principais métodos de segmentação de objetos de interesse nas imagens. A seguir, duas seções descrevem como representar e descrever de forma quantitativa as características relevantes das imagens, para que elas possam ser analisadas computacionalmente, e os aspectos relativos à análise e ao reconhecimento de padrões em imagens. Finalmente, são apresentados alguns exemplos de esquemas de auxílio computadorizado ao diagnóstico.
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