Fatores que influenciam a exatidão do indicador dos descritores de dose em radiologia intervencionista: Avaliação de Protocolos

Abstract

Quality control in Interventional Radiology is a fundamental pillar to mitigate the risks associated with radiation doses administered to both patients and clinical staff. Tests such as accuracy of the dose-area product indicator, kerma at the reference point of entry into the patient and reference air kerma rate values are extremely important for the safety of the patient and clinical staff and require instructions for the its realization. However, there is no description in the national literature of a standardized methodology for conducting tests that ensure the precision and safety of the procedures. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate and test the protocols available in the international literature for the aforementioned tests, on different equipment including surgical arches and angiographs. The methodology involves an experimental part regarding the accuracy of the tests and the relative discrepancy between protocols, and an observational part, which evaluates the items necessary for the proper functioning of interventional equipment. From the results found, it can be seen that the measurements of the dose descriptors showed different behaviors between protocols and between equipment, due to several variables that influence the response, such as the uncertainty of the irradiated area, the precision of the monitors and the calibration. of the meters used. According to the observational analysis, two pieces of equipment are in partial compliance or non-compliance. From this work it was possible to realize that there is still a lot to discuss about quality control tests. The concern with radioprotection and optimization of doses in fluoroscopy, both for professionals and patients, requires efficient quality control of the equipment, aiming for satisfactory and adequate performance in interventional radiology services, thus reducing unnecessary exposures and high doses.